蒙古族

　　蒙古族主要居住在中国北部边疆的内蒙古自治区。那里土地辽阔，物产丰富。广阔的草原成为天然的牧场。河套平原和东部农业区出产小麦、玉米、高粱、甜菜、大豆等农产品。北部大兴安岭林区有很多珍禽异兽，并出产名贵的木材、毛皮和药材。 蒙古族牧民的生活方式很有特色。他们冬季穿用丝绸或棉布做衣面的皮袍，夏季穿布袍，喜欢用红绿绸缎做腰带，常常佩挂荷包和蒙古刀。男子习惯戴帽子，妇女则用红、蓝色的布包头。牧民们喜欢吃牛羊肉和奶制品，喜欢喝红茶和砖茶。他们大多住在圆形的蒙古包里。蒙古包顶上开有天窗，用来通风和采光。 蒙古族是一个能骑善射、能歌善舞的民族。蒙古族民歌高亢悠扬，蒙古族舞蹈节奏欢快，蒙古族人最喜欢的乐器马头琴，琴声悦耳动听。他们以自己的智能创造了丰富的歌舞音乐和诗歌作品，被称为“音乐民族”和“诗歌民族”。 每年七八月举行的“那达慕”大会，是蒙古族人民一年一度的盛大节日。大会上有赛马、摔跤、射箭比赛和精彩的歌舞表演。每逢盛会，人们都从四面八方赶来参加比赛、观看表演，宁静的大草原顿时变成了欢乐的海洋。

　　The Mongolian

　　The Mongolian people mainly live in the Mongolian Autonomous Region in the frontier areas in northern China, which has a far-flung territory and abundant produce. The vast grassland is a natural pasture. The Hetao Plain and eastern agricultural area produce wheat, maize, Chinese sorghum, beet, soybean, etc. To the north, the Greater Xing'an Mountains is home to many rare birds and animals, and the area produces timber, pelts and medicinal herbs. Mongolian herdsmen have long lived a unique lifestyle. They wear a fur gown with a silk or cotton-cloth surface in winter and wear a cloth gown in summer; they love to wear red or green silks and satins as a waistband, and often carry with them a pouch and a Mongolian knife. Mongolian men are used to wearing a hat and women are used to wearing a red or blue headpiece. The herdsmen like to eat beef, mutton and dairy products, and drink black tea and brick tea. Most of them live in round Mongolian tents known as a yurt, which has a skylight ceiling for ventilation and lighting. The Mongolian people excel in horsemanship and archery, singing and dancing. Mongolian folk songs are sonorous and melodious, Mongolian dances have cheerful rhythm. And the morin hort (a bowed stringed instrument with a scroll carved like a horse's head), which the Mongolians like most, sounds sweet and beautiful. Mongolians have created many songs, dances, music and poems, earning them the title of a "musical ethnic group" and a "poetic ethnic group". The Nadama Fair held from July to August is an annual grand festival for the Mongolian people. It features horse racing, wrestling, archery competition and exciting song and dance performances. Every time this magnificent fair is held, people come from all directions to participate in competitions and watch performances, and the tranquil grasslands are then turned into a land of fun and games.